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The Independent Women's Forum (IWF) is a politically conservative American non-profit organization focused on policy issues of concern to women.〔 (Righting Feminism: Conservative Women and American Politics ) by Ronnee Schreiber, Oxford University Press〕〔See also: * (Washington Post ) – "The idea for the IWF was to provide a conservative alternative to feminist tenets." * (The Conservative Voice ) "However, our visitor from another planet would be surprised to discover there are many groups out there that represent conservative women who believe in equality but shun socialism and big government. One of those organizations is the Independent Women's Forum." * (Sex Roles: A Journal of Research ), Oct, 2002 by Ronnee Schreiber "In this article I examine two national conservative women's organizations—the Concerned Women for America (CWA) and the Independent Women's Forum (IWF)—to show how conservative women leaders link gender identity and policy preferences. I describe these organizations below. Like feminists, these women, through their organizations, not only act collectively as women, but also bring a "woman's perspective" to policy issues. Although some scholars have not denied the impact of right-wing movements on feminist goals and activities (Conover & Gray, 1983; Klatch, 1987; Marshall, 1995), others have characterized conservative women as victims of false consciousness, pawns of conservative men or right-wing funders (Dworkin, 1983; Hammer, 2002), or women's auxillar() of the conservative elite" (Kaminer, 1996), thus diminishing the attention and serious consideration appropriate to such a political force." 〕 The IWF was founded by activist Rosalie Silberman to promote a "conservative alternative to feminist tenets" following the controversial Supreme Court nomination of Clarence Thomas in 1992. The group advocates "equity feminism," a term first used by IWF author Christina Hoff Sommers to distinguish "traditional, classically liberal, humanistic feminism" from "gender feminism", which she claims opposes gender roles as well as patriarchy.〔Hoff Sommers, Christina, ''Who Stole Feminism?'' (Touchstone/Simon & Schuster, 1995), p. 22〕 According to Sommers, the gender feminist view is "the prevailing ideology among contemporary feminist philosophers and leaders"〔 and "thrives on the myth that American women are the oppressed 'second sex.'" Sommers' equity feminism has been described as anti-feminist by critics.〔Pozner, Jennifer. "Female Anti-Feminism for Fame and Profit." Excerpted from ''Uncovering the Right on Campus''. Center for Campus Organizing. 1997. () 〕 In the 2012 U.S. presidential election, Independent Women’s Voice ran an advertisement comparing the President to a dishonest boyfriend. ==Origin and history== Founded in 1992 by Rosalie Silberman, Anita K. Blair, and Barbara Olson,〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = Independent Women's Forum ) 〕 the IWF grew out of the ''ad hoc'' group "Women for Judge Thomas," created to defend Clarence Thomas against allegations of sexual harassment and other improprieties. By 1996 the organization had some 700 dues-paying members who met regularly at luncheons to network and share ideas. Silberman was the IWF's first president; subsequent leaders have included Nancy Pfotenhauer and Anita Blair. The current executive director of the organization is Sabrina Schaeffer. The IWF has been described as "a virtual 'Who's Who' of Washington's Republican establishment."〔〔Ronnee Schreiber, 'Pro-Women, Pro-Palin, Antifeminist: Conservative Women and Conservative Movement Politics', in ''Crisis of Conservatism? The Republican Party, the Conservative Movement, & American Politics After Bush'', Gillian Peele, Joel D. Aberbach (eds.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011, pp. 134–35〕 In 2006, the organization had 20,337 members and a budget of $1.05 million.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Independent Women's Forum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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